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Social Conditions Leading to Trouble in
Abu-Ghraib, Rwandan genocide


  • DEHUMANIZATION (Guards)
    • Excluding others from the moral order.
  • DEINDIVIDUATION (Guards)
    • Feeling little personal responsibility in anonymous situations where external social restraints are weak.
  • PASSIVITY IN THE FACE OF THREATS (Guards & Prisoners)
    • Fear of retribution by the "in-group."

All of these operated in Abu Ghraib.

In the above, we see three sources of violence along avenues paved by Adorno and Milgram, codified by Zimbardo and then built upon by Altemeyer, Stout, and Dean, and finally and essentially confirmed by Jessica Stern's courageous field work interviewing terrorists at large. Reversing these three tendencies provides three avenues toward peace.

Link to: Stanford Prison Experiment

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